关键词:
市民社会
国家哲学
黑格尔
马克思
唯物史观
摘要:
市民社会理论是黑格尔《法哲学原理》中的一个重要组成部分,也是构建黑格尔国家学说的理论根基。市民社会理论研究直接引发了马克思与黑格尔之间的重要理论分歧,市民社会概念是马克思实现对黑格尔哲学和资本主义社会彻底剖析与批判的关键节点。马克思认识到黑格尔的市民社会理论是资本逻辑下的产物,这样的市民社会蕴含无法消解的内在矛盾,对市民社会的理解必须深入到政治经济学和社会经济结构中去。在这个过程中,马克思逐步构建了市民社会批判思想,实现了对黑格尔哲学的超越,最终走向唯物史观、走向现实的人、走向人类解放。The theory of civil society is an important part of Hegel’s Principles of Philosophy of Right, and it is also the theoretical foundation of Hegel’s state theory. The study of civil society theory directly triggered the important theoretical differences between Marx and Hegel. The concept of civil society is the key node of Marx’s thorough analysis and criticism of Hegel’s philosophy and capitalist society. Marx realized that Hegel’s civil society theory is the product of capital logic, that civil society contains insoluble internal contradictions, and that the understanding of civil society must go deep into political economy and social economic structure. In this process, Marx gradually constructed the critical thought of civil society, realized the transcendence of Hegel’s philosophy, and finally moved towards historical materialism, realistic man, and human liberation.